The First Battle Of Panipat 1526 CE
The First Battle Of Panipat 1526 CE
Major campaigns and events
The First Battle Of Panipat (1526ce): Babur was a military genius who skillfully combined his artillery with his cavalry to win battles. The Indian soldiers were familiar with big guns but not the light field artillery and muskets used by Babur. Babur inflicted a crushing defeat on Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 CE.
The first battle of panipat was fought between the invading forces of Babur and the Lodi Empire, which took place on 21st april1526 in North India. It marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire. This was one of the earliest battles involving gunpowder firearms and field artillery.
Advantages of Cannon in the Battle
It is generally held that Babur's guns proved decisive in battle, firstly because Ibrahim Lodi lacked any field artillary, but also because the sound of the cannon frightened Lodi's elephants, causing them to tremple Lodi's own men. However a reading of the contemporary sources show that more than the gun, It was the tacticts which helped in winning the day. the new war tactics introduced by Babur were the tulughma and the araba. Tulughma meant dividing the whole army into various units, the Left, the Right and the centre The Left and Right divisions were further subdivided into forward and rear divisions. Through this a small army could be used to surround the enemy from all the sides, the centre forward division was then provided with carts which were placed in rows facing the enemy and tied to each other with animal hide ropes. Behind them were placed cannons protected and supported by matelets which could be used to easily manoeuvre the canons. These two tactics made Babur's artillery lethal. The gun and cannons could be fired without any fear of being hit as they were shielded by the bullock carts which were held in place due to the hide ropes holding them together, the nozzle of the heavy cannons could also be easily changed as they could be manoeuvered by the mantelets which were provided with wheels.
Ibrahim Lodi died on the field of battle, abandoned by his feudatories and generals. Most of them changed their allegiance to the new master of Delhi. However had sultan ibrahim survived another hour of fighting he would have won, as Babur had no reserves and his troops were rapidly tiring.
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